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مقارنة القوانين جنبًا إلى جنب
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| الموضوع | EU GDPR European Union (EEA) ✓ مؤكَّد من مصدرين | UK GDPR / DPA 2018 United Kingdom ✓ مؤكَّد من مصدرين |
|---|---|---|
| الحالة | In force since 25 May 2018. Digital Omnibus amendments proposed Nov 2025, not adopted as of Oct 2026.✓ | In force since 1 Jan 2021 (retained from EU GDPR); DUAA 2025 data protection changes fully in force by 19 June 2026.✓ |
| على من ينطبق | Any organisation processing personal data in the context of an EU establishment, plus non-EU organisations that offer goods/services to people in the EU or monitor their behaviour there.✓ | Organisations processing personal data in the context of a UK establishment, and non-UK organisations offering goods/services to, or monitoring the behaviour of, people in the UK.✓ |
| حدود الحجم | None — applies regardless of size. Limited record-keeping relief for organisations under 250 staff (Art 30(5)), lost if processing is risky, not occasional, or includes special-category or criminal data.✓ | None — applies regardless of size.✓ |
| الجهة الرقابية | National data protection authorities (DPAs), coordinated by the European Data Protection Board (EDPB)✓ | Information Commission (replaced the Information Commissioner's Office on 30 Sep 2026; still uses the 'ICO' name)✓ |
| الإبلاغ عن الخروقات أو الحوادث | Notify the competent supervisory authority without undue delay and within 72 hours of becoming aware, unless the breach is unlikely to result in a risk to individuals (Art 33). If you have an EU main establishment, that is your lead authority; if you have no EU establishment (even with an EU representative), notify the authority of every member state where affected people live (EDPB Guidelines 9/2022, para 73). Tell affected individuals without undue delay if the risk is high (Art 34).✓ | Report notifiable breaches to the Information Commission without undue delay and, where feasible, within 72 hours. Tell affected individuals without undue delay if high risk. PECR breaches by telecoms providers: without undue delay and, where feasible, within 72 hours (PECR reg 5A(2), since 20 Aug 2025).✓ |
| مهلة الرد على طلبات البيانات الشخصية | 1 month from receipt; extendable by 2 further months for complex requests if the person is told within the first month. Free of charge unless manifestly unfounded or excessive.✓ | 1 month, extendable by 2 months for complex or numerous requests. For access requests the clock pauses while you seek info needed to scope the request (Art 12A, requests from 5 Feb 2026). Searches need only be reasonable and proportionate.✓ |
| مسؤول حماية البيانات | DPO mandatory for public bodies, and where core activities involve large-scale regular and systematic monitoring, or large-scale processing of special-category or criminal-offence data.✓ | DPO mandatory for public authorities and where core activities involve large-scale systematic monitoring or large-scale special-category/criminal data (same tests as EU GDPR).✓ |
| الممثل المحلي | Non-EU controllers/processors caught by Art 3(2) must appoint an EU representative in writing, unless processing is occasional, low-risk and excludes large-scale sensitive data, or they are a public body.✓ | Non-UK organisations with no UK establishment that target or monitor people in the UK must appoint a UK representative in writing, unless processing is occasional and low-risk or they are a public authority.✓ |
| نقل البيانات إلى الخارج | Transfers outside the EEA need an adequacy decision (e.g. UK, Switzerland, EU-US Data Privacy Framework), or safeguards such as Standard Contractual Clauses or Binding Corporate Rules, or a narrow Art 49 derogation.✓ | Transfers need UK adequacy regulations (data bridges), or the IDTA / UK Addendum to EU SCCs, or BCRs. Since 5 Feb 2026 the adequacy test is whether protection is 'not materially lower'; existing TRAs remain usable.✓ |
| ملفات تعريف الارتباط والموافقة | Cookie/tracker consent is governed by the ePrivacy Directive Art 5(3); where consent is the GDPR legal basis it must be freely given, specific, informed, unambiguous and as easy to withdraw as to give.✓ | PECR: consent needed for non-essential cookies, but since 5 Feb 2026 low-risk statistical/analytics and functionality cookies can be set without consent if users get clear info and an opt-out. Ad/tracking cookies still need consent.✓ |
| أقصى عقوبة | Up to EUR 20 million or 4% of total worldwide annual turnover, whichever is higher (lower tier: EUR 10 million or 2%).✓ | Up to £17.5 million or 4% of worldwide annual turnover, whichever is higher (lower tier £8.7m or 2%). PECR fines raised to the same level from 5 Feb 2026.✓ |
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Each law in the library compared with the EU GDPR, the benchmark most privacy laws are measured against. Listed by law, not ranked by visitor counts.